Cosi character profiles and backdrops

The main once is obviously the theatre but the more in depth backgrounds Is the movement of the people In the real world. The Vietnam Moratorium, which was fighting for the government to return all the troops from the Vietnam War and the Sexual Revolution, which was a social movement that fought against the traditional codes towards to sexual relationships. The Vietnam Moratorium The moratorium was a mass demonstration against involvement in the Vietnam War.The demonstration took place throughout the US on October 1 5th, 1969 Jerome Groomsman's call for a general strike, if the war was still going by October, is what sparked the moratorium movement. It was announced In December of 1969, that not only would American troops would be brought home, but one Australian troop would also be brought home towards the middle of 1970. This of course did not stop the moratorium movement. Australian demonstrators continued to make plans for more rallies and continued to demand the removal of all t he troops.The strength of the moratorium movement greatly shocked the Australian government. They were shocked at the level of anti- AR and even anti-government feeling that was spreading throughout the country. The third moratorium in June 1971 closed the Centre. In Melbourne, on 30 June 1971, there was march of nearly 100,000 people. By this time public opinion was beginning to turn decisively against conscription and Australian involvement in the war. Sexual Revolution The sass's were also known as a time of ‘Sexual Liberation'. They fought for the acceptance of sex outside of heterosexual and marriages.Their aim was to make contraception, public nudity, premarital sex and homosexuality all normal. This also included the legalization of abortion. A new, sexualities popular culture swung into Australian life in the sass's, and it seemed everyone wanted to be apart of it. Watching a porn film at the local movie theatre and looking through a sex advice manual in public were bo th markers that the Sexual Revolution was taking action. An outgrowth of the countercultures began with casting aside traditional sexual restraints and gave the starting gun to a decade of eroticism and experimentation.Australians broke many sexual rules during this era including interracial dating, open homosexuality, communal living, casual nudity and dirty language. Sexual activity mongo the younger generations sparked widely as well. Designers also took advantage of the new era by producing mini skirts, hot pants, halter-tops and clothes designed to show off a woman's body. â€Å"Coos fan Tutee† was an opera that was written by Mozart and was first performed in 1790 is based on a pair of male friends that test their girlfriend's loyalty to their relationships.The name roughly translates to â€Å"Women are like that†. The name suggests that the opera is about how women are unable to stay faithful to their beloved and often go around with other men behind the back of their relationships. The first performance was held in Vienna and since 1790 the opera has been revamped to sometimes more modern themes and held in theatres all over the world. Louis Anorak's semi-autobiographical play, Coos is a touching portrayal of the opera that is acted by patients in a Melbourne mental institution.All of these themes are incorporated into the play that Lewis wrote based on his experiences during the moratorium and the sexual revolution about Coos fan Tutee. They all tie in together and they all make their own parallel to Lewis and his life; they all have a habit of getting in the way. Many of the patients are very passionate about the events occurring outside their asylum walls, as it is the only thing they have to concentrate on, so it seems they put all their time and effort into creating something beautiful. Julies character is significant in a number of ways.Firstly, she is very opposed to the idea of love. She always thought that love was being foolish and stupid. † IN another example, Julie and Lucy aver very similar. Julie says about men and fidelity: â€Å"l don't like men's double standards, I guess. Men want women to deceive them because it will prove their worst thoughts about women. Whereas Lucy believes that men wasn't women to â€Å"pretend they're true and faithful. † Julie in a small way is an alternated version of Lucy who Just happens to be living in a mental asylum. She is a character who brings Lewis into a new and strange world.

Classification essay: Hobbies Essay

We all have hobbies that deal with our specific interests. A hobby is what a person enjoys doing at their own leisure. Many people have hobbies because doing what they love can bring happiness and joy towards their lives. Hobbies lets a person know what they will do next time to occupy themselves when they have a free afternoon or a day to themselves. This could include an interest such as: painting a drawing, reading a novel by their favorite author, playing their favorite sport, learning how to play an instrument and many more. Some say that a hobby is a time for relaxation and pleasure as they pursue an activity during their spare time. However, a hobby is more than means of relaxation and has more aspects and other benefits to it such as: self-improvement, a richer social life, and extra income in time. To start with, a hobby is a means for self-improvement. Hobbies can help a person discover their skills and how to improve them further. The longer a person pursues their favorite activity helps motivate them to work harder. It is a perfect way of learning because they aren’t doing it to please anyone else but themselves which makes the learning more effective. Another learning opportunity with a hobby is time-management skills. A person with a hobby must have  a schedule that helps them get their priorities done but also have time set aside to do what they love. A hobby helps to improve ourselves and the skills we have. Second, a hobby gives a person a better and richer social life. Sharing the same interest with other people can boost up your social life as it would bring a solid context on conversations and socializing. For example, if a  person enjoys dancing then he would probably join a dance group or club and make friends who share the same passion as he does. Having the same hobby as someone can result in a great deal of wonderful conversations. Your hobby can bring you a stimulating social life as you will be able to interact with many people. Finally, a hobby can become a means for extra income in time. There are many people who achieve jobs by doing what they love to do. As their hobby starts to improve and reaches a stage of professionalism, then they will be able to make money out of it. For example, painters enjoy making drawings but to reach the point where they could sell it for income they must’ve practiced their hobby for years. Nevertheless, they love what they do and they are getting rewarded for their hard work in the end. Such people are very blessed to be earning their living by doing what they are passionate about, as that will guarantee happiness and success. In summation, having a hobby helps to improve ourselves, enriches our social network, and may produce future income. If you want to fit more into your life and achieve happiness, joy and success; try to discover what you are attracted to. Find a hobby and stay with it. It will be  worth all the time, effort and money you put into it. You never know, you may become a different person.

Hybrid Car Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Hybrid Car - Essay Example Another obvious advantage of a hybrid car is that it saves on gas. Using Hybrid cars, helps one save out on gas money as he doesn’t have to travel for long and can go for several miles by consuming relatively less fuel.Another Incentive of Owning a Hybrid car is that it helps reduce tax. In   January 2006, in accordance with the new Energy Policy Act, the federal government began awarding unprecedented tax credits to consumers who bought hybrid cars. Although they are gaining popularity slowly and steadily, they are still not completely successful. This is because the hybrid cars, like the Toyota Prius have received mixed reaction. The hybrid-electric car uses a battery and electric engine to increase gas mileage, to bring down emissions and fuel consumption. On the outskirts of it, it seems like these cars are better for the environment. However, if the cost of manufacturing is considered, The car is not a new invention. The history behind the car shows, how the entire idea of hybrid car was introduced. It was then scrapped due to efficiency constraints and Petroleum powered counterparts. The hybrid car came into being centuries ago. The first of the Hybid Vehicles was an Electricity powered Carriage created by Robert Anderson of Scotland. However, USA had already started taking interest in the these vehicles in the 1880s when the Electric Tricycle was created. By 1897, USA introduced its first Fleet of Electrically driven taxis, and by 1900, its was enjoying it’s the prosperity and popularity of the vehicles. The vehicles has all the attributes that diesel powered vehicles did not.   The electric vehicle was the preferred choice of many because it did not require a lot of manual effort to start, There were also no problems with a gear shifter. The Vehicles did not pollute the environment as they did not use diesel. They did not have a bad odor or the tendency to vibrate violently. And although the steam

Critical Infrastructure Security and Policy Essay

Critical Infrastructure Security and Policy - Essay Example It certainly has grabbed the USA government attentions onto it and made them obliged to take some instantly grave actions in order to prevent the impact of resulting turmoil. CFR's latest  Preventive Priorities Survey  (PPS) lists insecurity in Pakistan and Saudi Arabia, an Iranian nuclear disaster, and an amplification of the European sovereign debt crisis among the most important international unforeseen event relative to U.S. national interests that has ultimately shaped as a frightening threat to the USA. Let us examine carefully all the threats that have been experienced by the USA and see the reason behind every threat (Chertoff, 2009). The outburst of Cyber Attacks Countries that attack the United States China Russia There are two countries in particular that have recently advanced their cyber attacks on the United States because of their new revival into the global economy, China and Russia. The United States had publicly accused both China and Russia of recent attacks th at the United States had experienced. This recent attack from China exposed that China was aiming 48 different defense corporations from the United States, United Kingdom, and Bangladesh (Kim, 2011). This has been an enduring theme from China, who is trying to achieve information and blueprints from countries that have better more advanced technology than they do themselves. While Russia doesn’t attack the United States as repeatedly as China does, simply because Russia doesn’t have the hackers available to attack a defense shield as the United States has, they are getting an abundance of practice on the former countries part of the Soviet Union (energy. Gov, 2012). Along with different countries that use cyber attacks to target the United States there are also terror groups that are starting to use cyber attacks and also other groups seeking to chop into government systems to gather information. It is predictable that with the physical defense of countries growing esp ecially the United States, that terrorists which rely on cyber terror attacks on the United States rather than physical attacks because it is now much convenient and effective to shake the United States dominance via cyber attacks. Threats to control systems can come from various resources, including antagonistic governments, terrorist groups, annoyed employees, and malicious burglars. To guard against these threats, it is essential to construct a secure cyber-barrier around the Industrial Control System (ICS). Now the USA digital infrastructure is vulnerable. Yet the Department of Defense can’t do everything on its own. Corporations that don’t shield themselves are putting both their bottom lines and national security at threat. Yes, cyber security standards are an imperfect response to a weird and dangerous new kingdom of conflict. At the moment, though, they’re the only thing eminence between us and the abyss (Johsen, 2011). Al Qaeda threatens to USA The fact that a catastrophic attack against America equivalent to 9/11 has not occurred over the past 11 years should not recommend that a future one is not being designed. In summer 2006, al Qaeda-linked functioning in London schemed to explode liquid explosives on board 10 transatlantic airliners flying from the UK to America and Canada. In September 2009, Najibullah Zazi and his acquaintances were detained for plotting to carry out a suicide

Primary Health Care in India Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Primary Health Care in India - Essay Example The public health care infrastructure though is large it is not sufficient when compared to per capita number of physicians and beds for the population. Even the rate of outpatient visits to the government hospitals is poor due to lack of sufficient care. As the decentralization of state authority varies widely between states, the large cities only have significant financial authority. The lack of authority of local bodies on public health care systems as well as government hospitals resulted in failure of prevention of number of diseases and the people are ignorant even about prevailing diseases. According to World Bank reports in 1995, 1996, 1997b, 2000c, the high levels of poverty also exacerbated the poor health conditions as poor governance resulted in weak public health care infrastructure. Hence, public health care inefficiency as well as poverty and ignorance contributed to problems in India (Peters, David H. (Author), 2002). 1 The important section of population in India that bears the burden of disease is poor and marginalized income people as well as the rural people, as they are not able to bear the cost of health care in private sector. Hence, they are forced to go to public health care systems that are not efficient in curing them and thus bore the burden of the disease. According Agnihotram V. et al (2004), the disease burden of rural Indian women, suffering with asthma and bronchitis that may lead to prematurity and heart attacks. In addition to that the lack of health infrastructure in Indian rural areas is resulting in maternal deaths concentrated in the age group of 20-24 years. It has been observed that the bleeding is main cause for maternal deaths and they occur more in rural areas and in the case of poor people. The diseases that exert significant burden on rural and poor people are tuberculosis, malaria and burns are important causes of death in reproductive ages. However, the rate of suici de and burn as well as anemia diminishes with age and hence it can be concluded more accurately that the burden of disease is more in case of young poor rural people mostly women in the above mentioned contexts. The nationwide health plans in India are not sufficient to prevent the deaths and burden of the disease to maximum extent (V Agnihotram, 2004). 2 Epidemiological Causes for Diseases Among Rural Poor and Women In addition to that the nation's public health care is not sufficient to avoid the epidemiological causes for diseases in India. The disease causing burden can be attributed to highest exposures of household roles that affect the children and women as well. As the public health care system is not enough equipped to avoid the above-mentioned exposure, the demographical conditions also play a role in increasing the burden of TB, asthma and blindness thus decreasing the

Final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 13

Final - Essay Example Following the partition of the Palestine in 1947 and the US government recognition six months later of the State of Israel, there was need for the US military to intervene and protect the young nation. The war in Egypt after the death of Gamal Abdel Nasser who was succeeded by Anwar Sadat who attacked Israeli necessitated the US involvement after the Soviet had threatened to intervene by use of military force against the Israelis. It was at this time when Henry Kissinger used a diplomatic engagement and managed to make peace between the warring countries. To this far, the American Military involvement was justified to be in the Middle East. This is because had it not been for the US military, there would have been no peace between the Israeli and the Egyptians; many people would have lost their lives. The US managed not to be involved militarily in the Middle East conflicts after the WWII, due to continued instability in the Middle East politics between Muslims and Christians, there was need for the American troops to be dispatched there. They managed to contain the situation between the warring factions without any casualties (Faucet, 2013). According to John C. Goodman, in 2009 only, the US government devoted a lot of resources to defend the oil in the Persian Gulf. The reason why the US troops are maintained in Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, Iraq and Oman is to ensure a free flow of oil from the Middle East. The final implication of this reason is cheap oil from the Middle East which comes with unmentioned expenses and costs which policy makers should give a lot of thought before supporting any foreign policy. He argues that if the federal budget for Persian Gulf defense were to be included in the gas price, the US consumer would be paying $5 per gallon (Faucet, 2013). It is unnecessary to have a continued presence of the US troops in Persian Gulf to ensure

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Report - Essay Example The company is headquartered at London, United Kingdom. The telecommunication giant started its operation as Racial Telecom in the year 1983 but the British telecommunication company changed their name to Vodafone in the year 1991 (Vodafone, 2012). The company has established its presence in continents like Asia, Europe, USA, Oceania and Africa. Total employee base of the company is more than 80,000. Global subscriber base for the company is over 350 millions (Vodafone, 2010). Vodafone focuses on developing its product portfolio in periodic manner in order to meet multidimensionality of ever changing consumer demand. For example, the company has implemented new facilities such as shopping order tracking from mobile phone in order to attract attention of online shoppers. The British telecommunication company faces competition from companies like BT Mobile, One Tel, Virgin and many others. Vodafone has earned sales revenue of $71.81billion in the year 2012 and market capitalization of the company is $ 127.18 billion (Yahoo Finance, 2013). Telecommunication industry in the world is going through a transitional phases, telecom companies are slowly moving towards synchronizing internet service with telecom services altogether in order to meet customer demand. Three key trends of the industry have forced telecom companies to rethink about adopting e-business model in order to reduce the cost of providing service. Evolution of Internet Entrust (2001) has reported that, internet usage in B2C & B2B transactions will increase threefold in next 15 years, which means by 2015, e-business will contribute more than half of the global transaction. Demand for Data BBC (2011) had reported that global data demand will rise to more than 400 exabytes within 2013 and companies need to use online business model in order to store such huge databases. Social networking, web browsing and online shopping produce huge amount of data, companies need to use the online platform in order to c hannelize these data properly for generating revenue. Demand for Convenient Service In modern world, both B2B and B2C customers prefer faster and convenient transactions in order perform strategic and non-strategic functions. These customers want to be empowered with faster internet access and real time data monitoring, telecom companies need to implement e-business model in order to fulfil increased demand for convenience among mobile users. The essay will propose a holistic e-business model for Vodafone. Next part of the essay will discuss theoretical framework of the proposed e-business model. Research scholars such as Dierickx & Cool (1989), Rumelt (1986), Grant (1991) and Barney (1986) have argued that, firms need to increase their resource capability such as technological integration capability, developing tangible assets etc in order to achieve sustainable competitive advantage over competitors. Porter (1980, 1985) had stated that, companies need to use competitive advantage as a source for ensuring sustainability of business operation. It is evident from the scholarly works of various research scholars,

Moving Charge Creates a Magnetic Field Lab Report

Moving Charge Creates a Magnetic Field - Lab Report Example A wire carrying current experiences a force in a magnetic field. The force experienced increases if the magnitude of the current and the strength of the magnet are increased. The direction of the force or thrust can be predicted using the motor rule (Fleming’s left-hand rule). The rate of change of magnetic flux is zero at the midpoint 1 and 3 because the magnetic flux at those points is at a minimum and maximum respectively. The magnetic flux in the regions 2 and 4 is zero at the points and the physical difference between the two values is that one represent a decreasing magnetic flux while the other represents an increasing field. For the test coil at the center of symmetry of the coil the angular frequency of the signal was determined to be 377 rad/s, the area A of the coil was evaluated to be the peak to peak voltage was determined to be equal to 400mV from which the Maximum EMF was 200mV. Using relevant equations provided in the manual, the magnetic field was established to be 0.992 Tesla. The maximum magnetic intensity for a TEST COIL is not the same for a large coil because the magnetic field from both coils interact with each other making their actual valued slightly different. The results for electromagnetic induction test on different coils is represented in the table

Philosophy of business law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Philosophy of business law - Essay Example On the other hand, in contra of those arguments are that privacy isn't an issue where legal status is concerned. Searches are not unreasonable to the police if they turn up something illegal. Unwarranted searches can be legal with reasonable suspicion that something illegal is taking place. Profiling is just a way for the police to keep abreast of developing situations. Rights can be violated, however, to stop the law from being broken, which is what the argument might be. The Constitutional basis for objections filed by the state AG's would be that not everyone wants or needs health care. This violates a person's right to freedom as guaranteed by the First Amendment. Their liberty is in jeopardy as well. If the U.S. were to be represented, their best defense would be that every American needs health care because it is a Constitutionally guaranteed right. The Supreme Court should rule that health care is mandatory, and that without it, people would be in dire straights. The client in the case where he is selling wood does not have a sound basis for overturning the DNR regulation.

EPA †Policy-making in the Federal System Essay Example for Free

EPA – Policy-making in the Federal System Essay The federal government enacted the Clean Air Act, so as to protect the citizens of the United States. At the same time Congress created the Environmental Protection Agency with its primary role of regulating and the enforcement of environmental policies at the state and tribal levels. A brief history on air pollution, in October 1928 in the industrial town of Donora Pennsylvania a thick cloud formed. This thick cloud lingered for five days, causing sickness in 6,000 and killing 20 of the town’s people. And in 1952, over 3,000 people died in London to what is known as the â€Å"Killer Fog†. These events alerted the federal government to the dangers that can come from air pollution and the public health issues that can arise from pollutants in the air. The original Clean Air Act of 1963 was passed, establishing funding for the study and cleaning of air pollution. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was established and began operating on December 2, 1970. The EPA’s primary responsibility is enforcing and regulating the laws, these regulations and laws are for protecting the environment and public health. The EPA is a regulatory agency that Congress has authorizes to write regulation that explains the critical details that are necessary to implement environmental laws. (epa.gov/laws-regulation) The Clean Air Act 42 U.S.C.  §7401 et seq. (1970), regulated air emissions from stationary and mobile sources. With the approval of this Act the EPA was able to establish the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) which regulates emissions of hazardous air pollutants that can harm public health. The Energy Policy Act 42 USC  §13201 et seq. (2005) addressing energy  production in the United States, such as Energy efficiency; Renewable energy; Oil and gas; Coal; Nuclear matters; Vehicles and motor fuels. This Act provides loan guarantees for entities that develop or use inventive was that avoid producing greenhouse gases. Another provision of the Act increases the amount of biofuel that must be mixed with gasoline sold in the United States. (epa.gov/laws-regulation) America’s federal environmental laws set national standards, and on the condition that a state can shoulder the crucial task by enforcing these standards, they do by adopting laws that are as severe as the federal laws. Many states have assumed these responsibilities of enforcing the national standards by giving responsibility of specific programs throughout agencies within the state. The federal government is the overseer that enforces all cases and supervises the states’ activities while also monitoring state and the tribal operations of the Environmental Protection Agency programs. The Environmental Protection Agency supports the states and tribes to achieve effective enforcement and environmental compliance, and maintains support approved state programs through grant funds, and involvement. The Environmental Protection Agencies and state agencies make active efforts to educate the regulated community. A numerous compliance assistance tools have been put in place to help business, industry and state governments to conform to the environmental requirements. Web sites have been developed; hotlines, workshops, compliance training, fact sheets, and additional compliance guidelines are given to the regulated community. The Clean School Bus Program unites businesses, education, transportation, and public health organizations to encourage actions to stop the unnecessary idling of public schools busses. Modifying old schools busses with better emissions control technologies and proving cleaner fuels. The EPA is publishing a proposed rule designed to reduce air pollution, in 2017 the Tier 3 design would set new standards for vehicle emissions criteria and lessen the sulfur found in gasoline. This new rule would reduce tailpipe and evaporative emissions. The lower sulfur gasoline will improve  fuel economy by reducing gas consumption as well as reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The Environmental Protection Agency seeks to provide a healthy environment. By partnership-building with states and communities the reduction of environmental pollutants becomes a joint venture. References: Retrieved from: http://www2.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary-energy-policy-act Retrieved from: http://www.epa.gov/otaq/documents/tier3/420f13016a.pdf Retrieved from: http://www.epa.gov/air/caa/peg/understand.html

Run Time Adaptation of Service Feedback Control

Run Time Adaptation of Service Feedback Control Runtime Adaptation of Service With Feedback Control Self Optimization T.Priyaradhikadevi, R.Anandhi Abstract In a composite service which needs to be in uncertain and changing optimized environment which have service selection along with runtime adaptation. For maximum satisfaction for stakeholders quality and requirement needs for adapting composite services which responds to various environments. Service selection and business process for quality preference that made statistics during their design time. The proposed requirements driven self optimizing approach of such composite services measures its quality of service. The estimation of business tunes he preference for ranking the feedbacks detecting unexpected triggering of business values self optimization process. Process level configuration for modelling the configuration according to its mapping service level decision selections optimized and tuned for its quality of service. In our proposed model the process level preference based configuration of requirements ranks according to its goal configurations. The experimental study is use d to evaluate the proposed approach results indicating the new approach outperforms both fixed weighted and floating weighted service selecting approaches with respect to earning business value and adapting the flexibility. Keywords: Quality of service, self optimization, earning business value, service selection. 1. Introduction Architecture for service has emerging value of development and integration of business applications. In a service oriented system for development focusing the shifted customary application for designing the business process which selects and compose services for new business applications. Web services organizing integration for business process language used widely for specifying the business process for composite service rather than integration between composite services along with external web services. Functional requirement for business logic concerns with composite services should fulfil all the non functional concern for requiring quality of services. Composition of services that have uncertain and changing optimal configuration of business process which selects services that reflects decisions taken during design time. The reflected designs for self optimized service have some adapting runtime composite services in better way for meeting their overall quality of service requirement. Addressing the problems regarding composite services during their runtime adaptation for various service selection of different composition of approaches which is recently proposed with configuration of statistics business process. The set of abstract services have global approach towards its hybrid heuristics that have dynamic optimization of selected binding using their concrete services with each abstract service. Maximizing the usage of user objective is to satisfy the quality of service constraints which has user satisfaction which can have utility function for multiple weight assignment for criteria based on quality of service. Static decision approach based on various different preferences given for quality and business process made for design time which has weights for quality of service structures the business process used for selecting the service and compositions determines the design time which is static during runtime. During runtime these unchanged decisions used to make composite service which runs according to suboptimal manner. The betterment for optimization for entire stakeholder satisfying requirements with quality trade needed for adapting response to changing environment for system. High preference order process service for preventing risks requires the large amount for time and resource allocation for processing credit verifying the additional process. The response time for users is so long and they have to wait very patiently for their task to be accomplished. The process variability for activities having optional and alternate sub processes which often have various alternative business goal for quality of service requirements. Flexible accommodation of preference with different usage for quality of service requirements has taken risk for prevention of order processing. The order reconfiguration process skips temporary credit verification for improving the response time. The motivational service analyse the needed for required self optimizing composite services for dynamic quality services. The business value creation for adoption of stakeholders designing time that has runtime value based software engineering principles and practicing them. The emphasis is on incorporation of business values achieves the feedback controlling system. The self optimizing service technique for composite services that accounts for achieving business values which can be measured by transactions committed successfully. 2. Selection and composition for service The requirement driven value based idea for motivation for self optimizing approach for proposing the characteristics for composition of service have dynamic tradeoffs quality and support. The combination of runtime process for configuring the service that can have selection for various process requirements can provide them with resources. The values for business earned the reflection for runtime environment that satisfies the requirements of stake holders. Quality attributes measures and estimates earned business values having predefined value for our approach having dynamic quality tuning the rank preferences for different quality attributes that have control over feedbacks. The violation of business value ensures the detection of optimized preference rank process attributes systematically. The requirement configuration model based on preferences according to the quality of service requirement changes over the uncertain environment. The composite services always cannot run with optimal static configuration for business process along with selection of services. The existing stakeholders who are unsatisfied with the requirement driven approach has to be failed for selection of service and their composition which can have challenging problems. This can have many disadvantages for making business processes adaptable for runtime environment. The exponential for complexity in timing concerns. They do not have any satisfaction need with stakeholders responsibility. The static quality tradeoffs support the stakeholder for exponential time complexity. Overcoming the short comes of approaches propose the modelling of multi dimension problem have multiple choice having multiple constraints for optimal problems regarding path which leads to efficiency for heuristics. Hybrid approaches that finds nearest optimal solutions for end to end quality of service constraints that have local and global approaches. Figure.1 requirement driven and goal configuration based on value indicator. 3. Dynamic self optimization constraints All the hybrid approach for starting decompose which have end to end quality of service constraints that have local quality of service which can perform local selections. The approach that allows the quality of service weights for dynamic tuning that reflects dynamic quality tradeoffs uses the feedback controlling mechanism for achieving the runtime process adaptation for dynamic weaving for process. For motivating the dynamic quality for tradeoffs that can conduct maximized qualifiers for overall satisfaction for stakeholder requirements. Achieving the self optimization for composite services in which our proposed approach continuously seeks opportunities for improvising the earned business values. They can have maximized user satisfaction which can as well meet its quality of service requirements. The user satisfaction which can usually express the utility function for weighing various qualities of service criteria will be well fixed weight assignment of each quality of service criteria. The dynamically planned adaption service based on runtime requirement models for dynamic self optimization. For achieving the self optimization for overall composite services that maximizes the value propositions for multiple kinds of stakeholders. For optimizing the customer details should be entered in customer registry and once if the details are entered and submitted then they will be stored in database of stakeholders. They can be accessed using username and passwords which can also be used for updating and editing for details entered and stored. The customers should select their required product in self driven optimizing approach they can use the category or product name. If the product is available then they should choose the option for payment. Whether they should pay using credit or debit card. They also help in suggesting the alternate products which are not available in stock. After this process the bank transaction details of the customer should be rendered and they provide the feedbacks about their services. The approach for formulating the value for validating main threats which can capture the changes along with change of business strategies emphasize the guidance for online analytical processing. The large amount of business data can have composite service over the online analytical processing which can provide predictive analysis for validation and mapping of business processes. Dynamic runtime processing for business configuring the rare address faces different challenges according to their stake holder requirements. Self adaptive requirements based on system increasingly run under poor environment. The goal oriented requirements for widely used methods used in olden days. They are modelled and the intentions used for capturing and satisfying the requirements between the agents for exploring the alternate ways. Variable system used for processing runtime goals can be configured processes with regular credit verification such as checking the purchase and ordered things list the total number of products ordered and quality verification along with credit details verification. The evaluation and effectiveness for composite service approach having applications over real time applications required for evaluation of feasible that can guarantee the self improvement. The earned business values can be better or worse for depending on factors specifying the applications for number of process variations. There are different single and double approaches for hard perspectives for competitive selections during runtime. They are not superior or inferior static single approach which can totally have optimization for business values which is really harder. The composite service can optimally design strategies for new service optimization failure with new process configuration. 4. Conclusion In our proposed approach of requirement driven self optimizing approach we can combine the composite service for having process reconfiguration of high level and low level selection of service based on flexible adaptations. Then it supports dynamic quality tradeoffs for reflection of changing environments employs feedback controller that tunes the preference ranks for relevancy of attributes regarding quality. The earned business value having objective that can be triggered using self optimization techniques can be self optimized. The value formula for stakeholder requirements defines current business strategies for order processing service focuses directly on profits obtained from successful experience and feedback systems. The services for processing orders that have fixed weights and having flexibility demonstrate the performance adaptation for acceptable overhead for process reconfiguration which can select service accordingly. The integration rendered has to be variable with adv ancement of flexible mechanisms that can be achieved more flexible process variability having definitions and adaptations which validates their feasibility. References [1] V. Cardellini, E. Casalicchio, V. Grassi, F. Lo Presti, and R. Mirandola, â€Å"QoS-driven runtime adaptation of service oriented architectures,† in Proc. 7th Joint Meeting of the European Software Eng. Conf. and the ACM SIGSOFT Symp. Foundations of Software Eng., 2009, pp. 131–140. [2] OASIS. (2007, April) Web services business process execution language, v-2.0. [Online]. Available: http://docs.oasis-open.org/wsbpel/2.0/wsbpel-v2.0.pdf [3] E. Di Nitto, C. Ghezzi, A. Metzger, M. Papazoglou, and K. Pohl, â€Å"A journey to highly dynamic, self-adaptive servicebased applications,† Autom. Softw. Eng., vol. 15, no. 3-4, pp. 313–341, 2008. [4] L. Zeng, B. Benatallah, A. H.H. Ngu, M. Dumas, J. Kalagnanam, and H. Chang, â€Å"Qos-aware middleware for web services composition,† IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng., vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 311–327, 2004. [5] Y. Liu, A.H. Ngu, and L. Zeng, â€Å"QoS computation and policing in dynamic Web service selection,† in Proc. 13th Int’l Conf. World Wide Web Alternate Track Papers and Posters, 2004, pp. 66–73. [6] D.A. Menasc ´e and V.K. Dubey, â€Å"Utility-based QoS brokering in service oriented architectures,† in Proc. IEEE Int’l Conf. Web Service, 2007, pp. 422–430. [7] L. Zeng, B. Benatallah, M. Dumas, J. Kalagnanam, and Q.Z. Sheng, â€Å"Quality driven Web services composition,† in Proc. 12th Int’l Conf. World Wide Web, 2003, pp. 411–421. [8] D. Ardagna and B. Pernici, â€Å"Adaptive service composition in flexible processes,† IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng., vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 369–384, 2007. [9] T. Yu, Y. Zhang, and K.J. Lin, â€Å"Efficient algorithms for web services selection with end-to-end qos constraints,† ACM Trans. Web, vol. 1, no. 1, 2007. [10] M. Alrifai and T. Risse, â€Å"Combining global optimization with local selection for efficient QoS-aware service composition,† in Proc. 18th Int’l Conf. World Wide Web, 2009, pp. 881–890. [11] S.X. Sun and J. Zhao, â€Å"A decomposition-based approach for service composition with global QoS guarantees,† Inf. Sci., vol. 199, pp. 138–153, 2012. R. Anandhi has finished her B.Tech (IT) and at present she is pursuing M.E. (CSE) in Mailam Engineering College, Villupuram, Tamil Nadu, India. Her research interests lies in the areas of Mobile Computing, Data Mining, Cloud Computing and Software Engineering. T.Priyaradhikadevi has completed her M.Tech (IT) and now pursuing her Phd. Currently she is Head Of the department in Computer Science and Engineering at Mailam Engineering college,Villupuram , Tamil Nadu, India. She has attended many national and international conferences in several colleges. She organized many technical symposiums, workshops and seminars.

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Treatment Essay example --

In 1980, the term Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) first came into existence in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition (DSM-III). Only in 1987 did the DSM series make reference to traumatized children. The first major studies of the effects of large traumas on children were Bloch's 1956 study of the effect of a tornado in Mississippi, Lacey's 1972 study of the effects of an avalanche on a Welsh school, Newman's 1976 work on the Buffalo Creek disaster and Terr's 1979 research on the Chowchilla bus kidnapping. Psychological "trauma" is defined by the American Psychiatric Association as an experience beyond "the range of usual human experience," that "would be markedly distressing to almost anyone, and is usually experienced with intense fear, terror and helplessness" (DSM-IIIR, p. 247). Some examples include a serious threat to one's life (or that of one's children, spouse, etc.), rape, military combat, natural or accidental disasters, and tortur e. Sexual activity with an adult would be an example of a traumatic experience for a child. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as previously defined, is caused by an overwhelming event outside the range of ordinary human experience, such as combat, a natural disaster, or a physical assault. The symptoms include nightmares and other forms of re-experiencing the traumatic event, avoidance of situations and activities that arouse memories of the event, emotional numbness and detachment, pessimism, sleep problems, impulsive anger, jumpiness, and difficulty in concentration. There are many symptoms but there are also many affects to the functioning of an individual. The functioning defects can send an individual into crisis. Memory loss is common a... ...ishes on treatment options. This disorder is typically not fatal however; it has the potential to severely damage someone’s very existence. Get an individual evaluated for the proper medications and therapies and support them on their way to recovering. References M.D., J. A. (n.d.). abess.com index page. abess.com index page. Retrieved February 28, 2011, from http://www.abess.com Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-III-R. (3rd ed.). (1987). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV-TR. (4th ed.). (2000). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. Mayo Clinic. (n.d.). Mayo Clinic. Retrieved February 28, 2011, from http://www.mayoclinic.com Noll, R. (1992). The encyclopedia of schizophrenia and the psychotic disorders. New York: Facts on File.

Is Life Taken For Granted? :: Personal Narrative Drugs Essays

Is Life Taken For Granted? It was a wet cold night that could only give the impression that something was just not quite right. I was driving in the middle of the forest with a packed car on our way home from the semester’s best party. The roads were slick from the melting snow that had turned to ice. There were four of us total in the car and we were all pretty smashed that night. This was the first night that I had in fact been driving while intoxicated. Sumner in the back seat decided to light up. I myself was never around marijuana until that night. â€Å"Hey man, hurry up and pass it,† Danny anxiously said. He was the known addict of the group, even though I never witnessed him using until now. The thickness of the smoke filled the car, and 5 minutes later gave everyone a high, including myself. The windows were sealed shut, confining the smoke in the car. It was chaotic, with everyone singing while the radio was blasting, and the agonizing piercing sound of everyone shouting and laughing. I began to feel paranoid about the given circumstances. â€Å"Turn it up bro, this song rocks! You wanna hit this?† Ian breathlessly asked. I was caught off guard. I began to break a sweat and feel sick to my stomach. My hands tensed around the steering wheel, as I swallowed hard. I didn’t know what to say, I found myself being peer pressured for the first time in my life. I began to feel lightheaded and extremely uneasy. â€Å"Gary, you want this or not?† Ian demanded. My head felt as if it were going to literally float away into the darkness. I kept hearing the faint voice of Ian sitting next to me as everything began to go black. All the frenzied noise was slowly disappearing. The car began to slightly drift to into the left lane, which was the lane for the oncoming traffic. I needed to snap out of this state of shock. I was completely petrified. It was like something had a hold of me, and clutched on so tight that it was taking complete control over me. â€Å"Gary, snap out of it! Watch where you are going!† Ian screamed. â€Å"What’s going on, oh my god we’re going to hit the semi!† shouted Danny.

Feedback Effects of Soil Carbon Cycling in Northern Ecosystems Essay

Feedback Effects of Soil Carbon Cycling in Northern Ecosystems Global warming will be greatest in mid-continental North America and Eurasia, where temperatures are predicted to increase 4 - 12_C during the winter and 2 - 6_ C in summer (Kasischke et. al, 1995). This warming will shift the boreal forest, bog, and tundra biomes that dominate these areas northward as much as 500 km in the first hundred years of warming (Toward...1988, qtd. in Varallyay, 1990). Alaskan studies indicate that these changes are already influencing ecosystem function and carbon balance in northern ecosystems (Grulke et al. 1990; Ochel and Billings 1992; Oechel et al. 1993; qtd. in Oechel et al. 1995). Alterations in carbon cycling in these soils are of particular concern, since soils of northern ecosystems store from 350-455 Pg of carbon, or from 22.5 to 29.4% of the world soil carbon pool (Billings, 1987; Post, et al., 1990: Oechel and Vourlitis, 1993; qtd. in Lal et al.1995). This sink is an important part of the global carbon cycle; soil carbon losses from changes in land use account for 40% of the increase in atmospheric CO2 to date (Tinker and Ineson 1990). Smith and Shugart (1993) have projected that the vegetation/soil system will eventually become a carbon sink when global warming occurs. However, the initial loss of soil organic matter and delayed response of ecosystems to range shifts are expected to cause an initial pulse of carbon to the atmosphere, representing a temporary positive feedback to climate change. The amount of organic carbon stored in the soil depends on the net primary productivity (NPP) of the ecosystem and the speed of humic decomposition. Rates of soil organic matter decay are partially temperature dependent; Jenkinson... ...niversity Press, 1995. Smith, T. M. and H. H. Shugart, 1993, The transient response of terrestrial carbon storage to a perturbed climate: Nature, 361, pp. 523-526. Stevenson, F. J. Cycles of Soil: Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Micronutrients.: New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1986. Tinker, P. B., and P. Ineson, 1990. Soil organic matter and biology in relation to climate change: in Soils on a Warmer Earth, H. W. Scharpenseel, M. Schomaker and A. Ayoub, eds.: New York, Elsevier, 1990. Varallyay, G. Y., 1990, Influence of climatic change on soil moisture regime, texture, structure and erosion: in Soils on a Warmer Earth, H. W. Scharpenseel, M. Schomaker and A. Ayoub, eds.: New York, Elsevier, 1990. Whalen, S. C., W. S. Reeburgh, and K. S. Kizer, 1991. Methane consumption and emission by taiga: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 5(3), pp. 261-273.

Sleep Deprivation and Teenagers

As a teenager and a first year post-secondary student, I can argue that as we get older, our amount of sleep gradually decreases. You have probably heard of the saying â€Å"The More, The Merrier,† and you might assume that according to this research paper, it means â€Å"The More Sleep, The Better,† but in reality and as a society, we believe that it means if you work more, do more, and do everything as fast as possible, you will achieve great success. The problem is that we have adapted to such a negative and wrong motto that it is affecting each and every single one of us teenagers.We need to be reminded of the consequences sleep deprivation has on important aspects of our lives, such as both mental and physical well-being, school, jobs, family, and relationships. Millions of students seek ways to keep themselves awake for a longer period of time and throughout the day. Popular culture has responded to our needs by creating material goods such as energy drinks, coffe e, electronics, and pills. It might keep individuals awake and might make them believe that they are full of energy, but at what point does the body and mind get the required nine hours of rest in order to function to its maximum capability?Students prioritize their lives but health seems to be one of the last on their mind. A recent survey by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine found that, â€Å"only 15% of teenagers regularly get the nine hours of sleep they need each night† (Foldvary-Schaefer, p. 9). This means Bhullar 2 that the other 85% are falling beneath the required amount. Lack of sleep can mean that the body is more vulnerable to diseases and virus attacks. At the same time it can interfere with memory, concentration, mood swings, mental abilities, and weight gain, just to name a few.Such things can lead to other problems like bulimia, loss of job, failure in school, and physical accidents. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, there a re as many as 100,000 car crashes every year involving a drowsy driver. Over half of the crashes involved adolescence (Thorpy, p. 6). If you give attention to the transformation between early years of elementary school and later years in secondary school, you’ll notice the change in sleeping habit and workload. The younger you are, the earlier you fall asleep; the older you are, and the later you fall asleep.As our bodies hit puberty, it experiences a shift in circadian rhythm, the body’s 24-hour clock (Behrens, p. 469). This means that younger children tend to feel tired around eight or nine at night, where as teenagers’ circadian clocks shift to a later sleep time of ten or eleven at night. The need to feel more like adults, by having an active night life seems to only add to the late night sleep. And on the other hand, movies, television programs, internet surfing, facebook-ing, and texting are added to the normalized lifestyle.Our school systems also play a big part in loss of sleep. Secondary schools and Post-Secondary schools have a stronger workload than that of elementary schools. Although you might believe that the amount of homework that students are assigned is the main reason that older students are sleep deprived or buried in books, it is not. The second reason is the scheduling. Older teenagers are expected to attend school at an earlier time, and complete all course assigned homework.At the same time they are expected to study to achieve high grades Bhullar 3 in order to start a career, to work at a job in order to learn the responsibilities as young adults, to succeed at making their parents proud, and to have a good time in order to enjoy life. As generations are introduced to the world, our culture continues to be developed. Parents believe that adolescence have an easy stress-free life and should be capable of achieving success by spending the least amount of time to achieve it.When in reality, adolescence are living a l ife almost identical to those of adults, and if anything, adults have fewer stresses. It is most likely that every house hold has at least one family issue which causes stress upon the children. Grown-ups, or people in general who are involved in these issues, seem to be blind to the affect it has upon others within the family. These kinds of situations also have an impact on sleeping habits and teenagers. The environment that we are surrounded by day-to-day is what influences the way we think.Apart from the relationship between family members, adolescence in different communities are maturing a lot faster and creating bonds between themselves and a mate a lot earlier in their lives. What is lost in this process for young teenagers is the knowledge of the negative affects that these relationships that they create have on their lives. It creates more responsibilities, therefore more stress. In a first person’s point of view, when you are in a serious and deep relationship, it can control the way you feel and act.Teenagers tend to be more stubborn, which means that if there is an issue in the relationship, they are most likely going to withstand talking to each other which, in most cases, causes problems falling asleep. Responsibilities are one of the key elements to life, and with it you may get something in return. Money being one of the outcomes requires knowledge in how to earn it, save it, and spend it. As parents, it is an important facet to life that should be taught at an early age in order Bhullar 4 to master it when you are older.Because of this, more and more young teens are forced to get a job and pay for their wants and needs on their own. There are two main points to this idea. The first being that a job alone would cause a lot of stress on an individual and if there is an issue, whether it has to do with the job or something else, it would cause problems that may lead to a loss of employment. Teenagers already struggle with stress, and work ing harder to keep a job or having to live off of what you have saved up because you may have lost your job, would only add to it.If you pay attention to the thinking process that adolescence must go through almost every day, it can or may have already resulted in stress. As I have previously stated, stress results in sleep deprivation. â€Å"We can’t learn to sleep less. While some people might adapt to sleep loss, and sleep necessity varies, sleep is biological function. There is no substitute for it† (Foldvary-Schaefer, p. 6). Although there are many consequences that are created by loss of sleep, there are ways that we are able to fix these problems. The main cure is simply sleep.But for those of us teenagers who have made it a habit to fall asleep late at night and wake up early in the morning, we are able to re-prioritize our lives. We are able to do things to release the stress that keeps us awake at night, and we are still able to enjoy life to its fullest. Wha t we need to do is sleep at least eight or nine hours of sleep a night, if we need to take a nap, take one no longer than twenty to thirty minutes long before three in the afternoon. Exercise or go for a run two to three hours before going to bed in order to release any worried thoughts or stress.Limit your caffeine intake and try to avoid smoking and drinking alcohol as much as possible. Don’t go to sleep hungry, nor go to sleep on a full stomach, and take a nice relaxing shower before getting ready for bed to calm your entire body (Foldvary-Schaefer, p. 195). Bhullar 5 Sleep may not seem as important as it is, but without sleep, we wouldn’t get anywhere in life. Teenagers need to be aware of the consequences it has on our physical and mental health, school, jobs, family, and relationships if we were to let our body suffer from loss of sleep.Our body and mind need the right amount of hours of rest in order for us to feel fresh and able to complete and deal with tasks that are given throughout the day. We should try and avoid as much stress as possible and make an effort to clear our minds before settling down at the end of the night. As of now, we should all adapt to a more positive motto: â€Å"If you work more, do more, and do everything as fast as possible, you will achieve great success, as long as you let your body recover from a long hard day’s work and give your mind a good night’s rest. †

Facebook Case Study Essay

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A firm that has been floating on the stock exchange has been selected and evaluated and the firm I have chosen was Facebook. In my report I have included the recent history of Facebook as to how the social networking site started and the developments from the introduction until recently. I furthermore went on to evaluate the source of finance with a brief explanation as to what source of finance is and the different type of sources available to business i.e. Short term , medium term and long term. This explains the type of finance business need starting from day to day transactions to long term purchasing of assets and investments. After my understanding of what sources of finance are, I done some research on Facebooks source of finance and came to a conclusion that the firms sources of finance is long term source of finance as they earn money through shares(IPO). The reason for Facebooks floatation was simply because at the time they decide to go public the firm was already valued as one of the top companies around, however even though the firm was highly valued there was still negative stories about the firm. Facebook continues to grow and to try and keep the 200 million users entertain there are now talks of a Facebook phone that is due to be released this year. INTRODUCTION I am required to select a firm that has floated on the stock exchange in the last 4 years analyse and critically evaluate the firms decision to go public. The firm I chose was Facebook and in my report I will be discussing the following about the firm. Recent history of the company The firms sources of finance/ Capital structure of the firm Reason for flotation Implications of the flotation Performance of shares since flotation Future prospects for the firm Recommendations as to the future financing ABOUT FACEBOOK Facebook is a popular social networking website whose name originated as a nickname of directories handed out to university students that aided in them getting to know their fellow students. The social networking site was invented by Harvard computer science student Mark Zuckerberg, along with a few class mates. Facebook officially started off in October 2003 when Zuckerberg launched â€Å"Facemash.com† to allow visitors to compare pictures of two students and say who’s hot and who’s not. The website became popular as people enjoyed going on the internet and checking out pictures of their friends. In January 2004 an article in the Harvard Crimson stated that Zuckerberg registered the Facebook.com domain as he was now inspired by the success of Facemash. Shortly after the launch of Facebook the website eventually grew as it was now discovered by Sean Parker (Former Co Founder of Napster) who informally advised the student on what to do, and by June 2004 Facebook received its first private investment from Peter Theil [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ROrUea0gLlY], the founder of PayPal who gave $500 000 in exchange for 10.2% of the company. Sean Parker later became president of the newly incorporated company Facebook. Facebooks domination continued to grow until it became the second most visited web property online. In August 2009 Facebook acquired the real time new aggregator site friends feed and in 2012 Facebook made a huge splash in the market by acquiring instragam for approximately $1 billion. This year Facebook has introduced a graph search to help users find out more about their friends and connections. This feature lets you search through data shared by friends to discover people their interest, restaurants, much and much more. This is the first major step Facebook has taken towards competing with Google. SOURCES OF FINANCE Business needs money to support investment and finance their day to day activities. A company may choose to raise money internally (by retaining and investing profits) or externally. Each source of finance has a risk attached to it, the risk that the business will not meet the financial commitments related to the source. The mix of all the financial sources is known as the financial risk of the company. An essential requirement in raising finance is that business should meet repayments and other expenses, as the fall due. This is generally achieved by ensuring that there is a good match between _cash inflow generated by the use of money and cash outflows to the service payments to the finance raised_. TYPES OF SOURCES OF FINANCE. Short term finance- Usually needed for a business day to day operations e.g. paying wages, ordering suppliers etc This is usually the cheapest one to use as it is easier for a lending institution to asses lending risk for shorter loan periods. Types of short term finance include the following: Overdrafts Short term loans Trade credit Accrued expenses and deferred income Factoring Medium term finance- This source of finance can be used to finance the acquisition of Motor Vehicles, Machinery, Computers, etc. Three main types of medium term finance are: Hire Purchases Leasing Term Loans Long term finance- In financing the purchase of a building (major investments), long term finance would be appropriate. There are two alternative methods of raising long term finance Debt-Bank loans and Bonds Equity-is an important source of long term finance and consists of: Preference shares, Ordinary Shares and Retained Profits (internally generated cash flow). Equity finance is raised through the sale of ordinary shares to investors and can be raised either via: A new share IPO ,Placing or Introduction A rights Issue. FACEBOOK’S SOURCES OF FINANCE/CAPITAL STRUCTURE. Facebook’s source of finance is the long term finance as the firm makes its money through sale of ordinary shares from investors such as IPO (Initial Public Offer) which is the first offering of shares to the general public. The social networking site officially filed for an IPO on February 1 2012. The preliminary prospectus declared that Facebook was seeking to raise $ 5 billion in investment at the time the company announced that they have 845 million users active on the site with close to 2.7 billion likes and comments daily. After the IPO, Mark Zuckerberg planned to retain 22% ownership stake in Facebook with 57% of voting shares which was valued by the underwriters as being worth $38 each and pricing the company at 104 billion, the largest valuation ever to date for a new company going public. Facebook selected Morgan Stanley as the lead advisor for the IPO as the company had earlier lead the IPO of internet giants like Group on, Zynga and other banks such as Goldman Sachs, Bank of America Merril Lynch,Barclays Capital and JP Morgan. According to AllFacebook , shares have been actively trading between $25-$40 which gives Facebook a valuation of approximately $17000, more than Microsoft which was valued at $15000.Most of Facebooks trades takes place through secondmarket a company responsible for generating a market around typically illquid assets while while the value of the trades is unkown.While Facebook stock is not the type of thing you can trade in a day due to the fees and time involved in transactions ,however most investors see a great return in just 6 months. BELOW IS A GRAPH WITH FACEBOOKS SHARE PRICE IN MAY 2012 WHEN FACEBOOK DECIDED TO FLOAT.GRAPH 1.1 REASON FOR FLOTATION The reason for Facebook’s flotation was due to the fact that the company’s IPO was valued as one of the best amongst top companies. When Facebook made its long expected debut as a public company, the social networking company linked up with the largest public companies in the world alongside Mc Donalds , Amazon.com and Bank of America. The wall street journal reported that Facebook was prepared to file initial paperwork for an offering that could raise as much as $10 billion. As the news about Facebook spread worldwide and it later became the most popular and influential global website, Investors now started to flock to acquire shares in Facebook. Articles stated that even though Facebook was valued a high price there was still a debate within business and media circles on the true value of the company. The social networking site also made money through advertising allowing other companies to advertise about their business on the website. In May 2012 Mark Zuckerberg and other executives began a road show to persuade institutional investors to buy shares before the flotation. One of the underwriters JP Morgan along with Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley were included in the road show. IMPLICATIONS OF THE FLOATATION FOR THE FIRM Even though there is a great amount of effort in the flotation of Facebook there are still some negative views on the social site. An article in the guardian called â€Å"_Facebook flotation: three reasons to avoid it†_ it states that Facebook is not worth $100 billion and that Zuckerberg has not put a price tag on his creations so it’s still early to say that he will attempt to achieve that amount when the flotation started. Below are the three reasons given in the article: Zuckerbergs first letter to the potential investors was a strange dispatch. As it stated that Facebooks ambition was to build a service that gives people the power to share and help them once again to transform many of the core institutions and industries. Facebook has no need to float as it does not need to invest as the firm is profitable and generates enough cash to pursue its current objective. Zuckerberg is keeping control of Facebook by adopting a dual voting structure with him and investors. In response to the negative publicity about the website , Facebook opposed by saying that the main reason for floating is to allowing longstanding investors to cash in a portion of their winnings and to help Facebook grow. The float promoters were then seeking to emphasize that the investments obtained were potentially for a profitable growth and to play down the risk faced by the firm. PERFORMANCE OF THE FIRMS SHARES SINCE FLOATATION Zuckerberg has called the stock performance â€Å"disappointing†. The social networking leaders stock has lost nearly half its value since flotation. More than $50 billion has been cut off Facebooks market value as the companys shares have fallen from $38 to $19.43. The CEO has lost the most as the value of his facebooks holdings falls more than $9 billion which questioned his skeptics and guess his ability to lead a company. The performance of the shares has obviously been disappointing and has caused some demotivated employees, however Zuckerberg motivated them and they believed that things will improve as time goes go on. After numerous up and downs and significant critics from the public the share prices started showed a highly volatile behaviour with prices as low as $17.73. The prospective performance of the company did not impress the investors and therefore had a impact on the company as a whole. In November 2012 Facebook shares has shown a significant rise in value reaching the highest price in months, As the value it continued rising the company witnessed an increase of 15% each month to date. The major factor that has pushed the social networkings markets performance is the increase in investors’ confidence in the companys potential to earn a higher revenue in the prospective periods. The confidence is directly linked to the increasing success of the performance as the number of business advertising on the website increased which means higher revenue and higher revenue means higher returns for investors. FUTURE PROSPECTS FOR THE FIRM Facebook has and always will be the king of the social media sites , as the site is still growing worldwide. To date the social networking website has more than 200 million registered users. Researchers believe that Facebook can evolve another google as they are also relying on advertising for their revenue. The social networking sites goal now is to create a personalized digital newspaper through the newsfeed that has everything a person would want to know about people. This will be perfectly customized just for the users. Mobile will be the key to Facebooks future growth said the head of advertising as only 30% of users access through desktops and 70% through mobile devices every day. A plan to invest a huge amount of money will be the target for Facebook in the future as talks on creating a Facebook smartphone continues. Facebook is also targeting other continents like Asia, Latin America and Africa as users in these areas have grown by 33% each year. Even though they introduce the mobile device Facebooks ultimate goal will  still remain to get more users online and to improve current features that will keep current users entertained. CONCLUSION /RECOMMENDATION TO THE FIRM’S FUTURE FINANCING Facebook is available to everyone all over the world and there still huge potential for growth for the firm. My recommendation to the firm regarding their finance would be to focus on their advertising model, improving it and allowing business to advertise more on their website. By doing that they will do enhance their chances of doing better than search engine giant Google and revenue will increase which will benefit both the firm, current and potential investors. With the introduction of the new Facebook phone they have to ensure that the phones are better then other smartphones. Facebook has to earn the general publics confidence in them by coming up with new ideas on their IPO, if the public is satisfied they will invest more in the company. However with the introduction of the new phone I believe share prices will increase.

Duty of Care Definitions Essay

1.1 Define the meaning â€Å"Duty of Care† A. The term duty of care is the responsibility of caring for another person who may well be vulnerable which includes those who are young or old, ill or unfit mentally to care for themselves and requires another person to assist. This includes looking after the person`s hygiene, cleanliness, safety, meals, transportation, medication or physical needs. Duty of care requires all staff to ensure that all the people we work with are safe and that we abide by relevant legislation and follow care plans, and inform the office of any changes to medication so everyone can keep up the constant care. Duty of care is the legal duty to take reasonable care so that others aren’t harmed and involves identifying risks and taking reasonable care in your response to these risks. Organisations should always ensure that they consult legal and legislative requirements when developing and maintaining their duty of care frameworks and consider working along guidelines. 1.2 How does duty of care affe ct your work role? A. Duty of care is the obligation you have to exercise a level of care towards an individual as in reasonable in all the circumstances to avoid injury to that individual or to his or hers property. 2.1 What dilemmas might arise between duty of care and the rights of your customers? A. Equipment – client’s may refuse to use hoist`s and stand aids at they have had bad experience in the past with using them, which could affect clients hygiene, physical needs and means that staff can`t do their job to a high standard, we would take note of what the clients have said and ring the manager to come up with another solution. All equipment must be in date and checked regularly before use. Training must be up to date and if it isn`t you should not put yourself or clients at risk of danger. All carers should not attempt to do things outside of training or job descriptions, and CRBS needs to be updated every year. Risk assessments and care plans are important and should be followed at all times and updated regularly, all concerns and changes to be reported to manager and documented. Protective clothing is to be worn at all times to reduce the risk of infections and cross contamination. 2.2 Where would you get additional support and advice about resolving the above dilemmas? A. I would get additional support and advice by attending training courses i.e. moving and handling, health and safety, also by speaking to my manager or supervisor, reading books and trying to find out as much information I need. 3.1 How would you respond to complaints? A. I would acknowledge the complaint, and then try to resolve the complaint directly with the complainant, and be aware of differing views of what happened and what was said, also reassure the complainant and have a complaint handling mechanism already in place. Every complaint is different, so the approach to resolving it will differ, depending on the nature of the complaint and the seriousness and the complexity. 3.2 What is the agreed procedure for dealing with complaints? A. The agreed procedure for dealing with complaints is that our company will always deal with any complaints in a professional and positive way and where appropriate will advise the people concerned of any actions and outcomes of any complaint out company will help you in any way they can to advise us of our reasons for dissatisfaction. If I am unwilling or unable to them my manager will have further meetings on how to achieve the best out of you, and if needed further training. CT296 1.1 Identify the standards which influence the way adult social care jobs are carried out? A. The standards that influence the way adult social care job roles are carried out are firstly Codes of practice which set out criteria which providers are assessed by. They also describe the standards of conduct and practice that workers must carry out their activities and ensure that what they do is competent and consistent with the values of their employer. Minimum standards are a set of standards which all care homes must meet and in order to operate and be registered as a care home if working in a care home. National occupational standards (NOS) define the skills, knowledge and understanding needed by individuals to carry out their job. 1.2 Why is it important to reflect on the way you work? How does this help you to develop your knowledge and skills? A. Reflecting on work activities is an important way to develop knowledge and skill because is allow you to identify anything that needs to be developed, you are also able to evaluate on the things that went wrong and what went ri ght, and able to learn lessons from that also to enable you to be a better carer. It also helps your fellow colleagues as they are able to learn from your mistakes and then the same thing will not happen to them also and vice versa. When you have evaluated you are then able to know the things which are needed in order to make your home care a much safer and nice place to stay. 1.3 How can you ensure your own attitudes and belief do not obstruct the quality of your work? A. There are many ways to ensure that personal attitudes or beliefs do not obstruct the quality of work, firstly you have training which is updated every 3 months which will clearly outline what is accepted and what is not. You may also have supervision which you will be given by a manager or supervisor to assess your performance. Also the code of practice describes the acceptable behaviour. Policies are also a great way I which providers are outlined how to and not to allow attitudes and behaviours to obstruct the quality of work and what will happen if provider allows this to happen. 2.1 Think of a recent learning activity you have completed, how did it improve your knowledge, skills and understanding? A. I recently attended an up to date learning activity for moving and handling. It improved my knowledge, skills and understanding. There are so many different ways of moving people, by using different equipment, which I was put into a hoist myself just to see and feel how an elderly person would feel, and how easily they can become distressed. It gave me a very clear understanding and knowledge of how things can be done differently and I could also share my knowledge to other team members. 2.2 How does reflecting a situation assisted you to improve your knowledge skill and understanding? A. Reflecting on situations is a stage where I can identify my learning and development needs. To reflect and think about what I have done, and how I did it, and how I could possibly do it better or differently for the future. 2.3 How has gaining feedback from others developed your knowledge, skills and understanding? A. My manager has received feedback from other colleagues who have â€Å"shadowed† me on service users visits. She has given me feedback on my performance and highlighted future training events that I may find beneficial. I have received compliments from service users on the standard of care I deliver, and my polite attitude. I have received verbal feedback from my manager on my willingness to undertake extra shifts, and how I am an effective member of the team. 3.1 What is meant by â€Å"Personal Development Plan† ? A. A personal development plan is set out by an individual for them to follow in order to better themselves whether it be to gain more qualifications or progress in their work i.e. promotion etc. 3.2 Who might be involved in the personal development plan progress? A. Anyone you feel could help you with your person development i.e. your manager, colleagues, tutors, family and friends, mainly anyone you feel you can rely on for support and guidance. 3.3 Where can you get support for your learning and development? A. There are many people and places where you can get support for learning and development, i.e. attending courses, speaking to colleagues, your manager or supervisor, reading books and using the internet, and also friends and family members. 3.4 What are the benefits of using a personal development plan to identify on going improvements in own knowledge and understanding? A. The benefits of using a personal development plan is to gain a clearer focus to my learning. Helping to keep myself motivated, also gives me a better understanding of how I learn and how to improve my performance, also more enjoyment and less stress from learning as I become consciously skilled, make more aware of how to apply your learning of new problems, also reflective thinking skills that can strengthen my performance. 1.1 What is meant by Diversity A. Is an understanding that every person is unique and treating people as individuals? Equality A. Means treating everyone equally regardless of their colour, age, gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, disability, etc. It is different to treating people the same different people have different needs, so individuality should be taken into account. Inclusion A. Full of active participation, feeling respected, feeling a sense of belonging, being valued for who you are. Discrimination A. Unfair or unequal treatment of an individual or group on the grounds of age, disability, gender, race, religion, belief’s or sexual orientation, being treated less favourable that someone else in the same situation, being treated unfairly. 1.2 How can direct and indirect discrimination occur in the workplace? A. Direct discrimination can occur in the workplace because they may be being treated less favourable or treated differently because of their gender, age, race disability, sexuality or religion. Indirect discrimination can or may take place when a rule or policy that applies equally to everybody is more restrictive for people from a certain group, i.e. if a company give information about its policies and procedures only in English. 1.3 How can practices that support equality, diversity and inclusion reduce the risk of discrimination? A. By supporting a person`s equality you are treating them as equal and including them in all activities, you will be reducing the likelihood of discrimination. 2.1 List key legislation and codes of practice relating to diversity, equality, inclusion and discrimination in adult social care settings? A. Equality Act, Human rights Act, GSCC = The General Social Care Council. These are some to the rules that apply to all care workers. 2.2 How can you interact with someone in an inclusive way? A. You can interact with someone in an inclusive way, by respect for their beliefs, and preferences of the individual receiving the care. Promoting independence involvement of the individual, receiving care produce a written report of the activity which, is based on the plan this should be completed prior to the activity taking place. Is verified by the supervisor/manager as an authentic record of what actually took place, and demonstrates ability to manage the materials and resources to carry out the fulfilment of the aims and objectives as specified in a plan. 2.3 How might discrimination be challenged in a adult social care settings? A. This depends if the carer or service user who discriminates. If the carer then as an employee I’d raise the issue with my supervisor without waiting for a supervision meeting. They would be duty bound to take the issue on, however if you’re on good terms with the employee you could speak on friendly terms asking if they knew they were discriminating. Give them a chance to see the problem. 3.1 Identify source of information, advice and support about diversity, equality, inclusion and discrimination? A. There are a variety of different methods of getting information on diversity, equality, inclusion, you can access web sites that list all of the current legations in place to protect the right of individuals, you can also obtain leaflets to give to service user, to inform them of their rights, also your line manager, your organisations, policies and procedures, your colleagues, books, articles, and care quality commission, skills for care. 3.2 How and when would you access support on the above? A. I would access support on the above when a service user feels that they need as much information as they require it at that time, and get help with all difficulties the may come across.

Apple iphone case study

Brand loyalty is incredible. People will lineup in the freezing cold overnight Just to Boone of the first to get their hands on the oenophile! (Gannett, 2012) From the anti-capitalism point of evidences like phone counts as luxuries. Thinking this kind of huge prices could be speedometer more vital. Employ high technologies. This frequencies features for at least two purposes. One, First degree price discrimination endow, luxury customer acquisitiveness's high technology along with hightail hardware component turn Philippine into very costly merchandise. Robbery many people cannot afford the price. Ease of use. Apple utilizes user friendliness elements for both hardware underwear parts of phone. 3. 5 mm audio Jack would be a good example! phone is equipped with own Apple sloganeering system, ISO. And APS which work with ISO can only be downloaded from Passport. Other rivals like Android have unmeritorious channels. 12 29 Former CEO, Steve Jobs' role in developmental and leading Apple to the marketability. Steve Jobs died on Cot 2011.We can still sissies works and ideas in Apple phone. His allocate be an excessive damage to the company. Having strategic agreements with well-known mobile carriers. Like T-Mobile and&T Apple summary of PESTLE Analysis Falsifications The supply and manufacture of many critical components is performed by sole- sourced outsourcing partners in the U. S. , Asia and Europe. Outsourcing partners in Asia perform final assembly of substantially all of the company's hardware products.Manufacturing or logistics in these locations or transit to functionalities may be disrupted for a variety of reasons including, but not limited, natural and man-made disasters, information technology system failures,military actions or economic, business, labor, environmental, public health, or Political issues. (APPLE INC. , 2012) interruptions have caused and could cause damage or disruption conversational commerce and the global economy, and thus could have a materialness effect on he Company, its suppliers, logistics providers, manufacturing vendors and customers, including channel partners.The Company's business operations are subject to interruption by natural disasters, fire, power shortages,nuclear power plant accidents, terrorist attacks, and other hostile acts, labor disputes, public health issues, and other events beyond its control. (APPLE INC. ,2012) Econometricians The global recession is having a serious impact on Apple's retail performance The follow-on effects from global economic conditions on the Compulsiveness's could affect the Company's ability to obtain componentsTherefore,the Company remains subject to significant risks of supply shortages and pregnancies. The Company expects to experience decreases in its gross margin percentage in future periods, as compared to levels achieved during 2012,argyle due to a higher mix of new and innovative products with flat or reduced pricing that have higher cost structures and de liver greater value to customers anticipated component cost and other cost increases.Future strengthening of the U. S. Dollar could also negatively impact gross margin. (APPLE INC. , 2012) 13 Social factors The Company's business requires it to use and store customer, employee, and business partner personally identifiable information (?PIE). This may include names, addresses, phone numbers, email addresses, contact, preferences, detoxification numbers, and payment account information.Although maliciousness's to gain access to PI affect many companies across various industries,the Company may be at a relatively greater risk of being targeted because of thighs profile and the amount of PI managed. (APPLE INC. , 2012) Declassifications $3. 4 billion for 2012 which is a crucial manner in Tuesdays competition (APPLE INC. , 2012) Environmentalists The Company also sells its hardware and software products to enterprise and government customers in each of its geographic segments.

Quantitative analysis Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Quantitative analysis - Article Example nt the research question in the introduction, but it is evident from the flow of ideas in this section that they are interested in understanding if Icelandic nursing homes are meeting quality care standards through the MDS. The article did not present distinct research question/hypothesis, although it expressed its research goals that can be paraphrased into research questions. The research questions are: What are the trends for quality of care for nursing homes? Is there a connection between the quality variables in the MDS and the health and functional profile of elderly resident participants? The independent variables are the quality indicators and the dependent variables are patient health conditions and functional profile. The research questions have sufficient experiential/scientific background because of the prevalence of undertakings on studies regarding quality of care across the world, though they are not placed in any specific theoretical background. The researchers did not discuss how they conducted their search strategy for their review of literature. Nonetheless, the introduction sufficiently provides important published articles on the context of the research, including quality of care measurement in general and the particular care needs of residents of nursing homes in specific. In addition, the study employed a useful conceptual framework that guided their study through emphasizing the value of the MDS to their research context. Furthermore, they made it clear what their study was adding to the literature through the section, What This Paper Adds (Hjaltadà ³ttir et al., 2012, p.1343). This section shows what their contributions to nursing research are. The researchers controlled the potential impact of history on the internal validity of the study through eliminating participants with readmissions to nursing homes after spending time in hospitals because the latter can have an effect on the health status of participants. The researchers

How Long Can USA Maintain their Dominance of The World Economy - In Dissertation

How Long Can USA Maintain their Dominance of The World Economy - In Terms of Inward & Outward FDI - Dissertation Example FDI inward does intensify the local competition among the products and causes the availability of products to customers at cheaper rate with better quality. It also utilizes the under-utilized resources of country for example minerals, forests etc. Government of the country raises taxes from FDI. United States’ FDI inward in 2009 amounted to US$2.3 trillion and foreign firms in United States employ around 6.9 million people as in 2008 that is equivalent to 4.4% of US employment (D.H Rosen & Hanemann 2011 p 42). Foreign investment outward is also at the core of modern economic model. Firms get resources and new market by investing in foreign markets and raise substantial profits that can be brought back into domestic economy benefitting its growth. United States accounts for largest FDI (both inward and outward) and dominate the world economy in FDI besides other variables of dominance of world economy. Impact of growing FDI on US dominance of world economy is what is debated c ommonly. FDI inward enables the foreign firms to control the market of country and there is no denying to the risk of exploitation in different ways. Can US confront any such exploitation from foreign firms? Foreign firms can transfer important data and technology to their domestic country and can use it in their favor harming the country from which data and technology are transferred. Is US economy open to any such threat from its foreign investors? Foreign firms can also discriminate in job offerings and other perks between the workforce of the country and firms’ workforce from its own country. Does this happen or can it possibly happen in United States by foreign firms. This dissertation will elaborate the above asked questions and will explore the impact, if... The intention of this study is the United States that abounds in the giant multinationals. It homes around 500 multinationals corporations (HRM practices in MNCs). Its technological growth, natural resources, educated masses and stable political environment has been the facilitating factors behind its economical growth. US has remained dominant over the world for past many decades consistently.US dominance of world economy is by no mean a miracle rather it traces back to around 230 years of commitment and effort. US ability to better tape its natural resources, to achieve unprecedented heights in technological growth and to maintain a stable legal and political system are the major contributor to such a long period of dominance over the world economy. Sustainability of United States development has remained a major issue for many critiques mainly after the massive industrial development in the developing countries mainly Peoples Republic of China. A prominent economic historian, Nail l Ferguson, said that US dominance is coming to an end and China is the emerging global leader. Moreover, the recent financial crises and colossal trade deficit have intensified the concern on the possibility of United States dominance in the world economy in the future. United States of America is one of the three largest exporters of the world exporting machines industrial supplies and a very wide variety of consumer goods.

Domain Name Dispute Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Domain Name Dispute - Essay Example Pursuant to Para. 4(a) of the .au Dispute Resolution Policy 2010 (hereinafter the Policy), the Complainant contends that the use of the domain name quickileaks-sucks.org is confusingly similar to its domain name quickileaks.org and that the addition of sucks.org to quick leaks does nothing to distinguish the two domain names. The Complainant further argues that over the last five years its use of quick leaks has earned a common law trademark. The common law trademark was acquired by increasing traffic to its site quickileaks.org and publicity in the media over the five year period. The Complainant also maintains that the Respondent does not have a legitimate interest or right in the domain name and is acting in bad faith. These contentions are supported by the assertion that the Respondent does not have a commercial purpose for the use of the domain name and has no connection to the Complainant’s common law trademark and was not authorized to use the trademark. According to Para. 4(a) of the Policy, the Complainant was required to prove that the domain names and trade name were identical or confusingly similar. The Complainant was also required to prove that the Respondent did not have a right or legitimate interest in the domain names. The Complainant was also required to prove that the Respondent acted in bad faith. Thus the Complainant’s allegations do not mean that the Complainant’s allegations are automatically accepted as true. In addition, the Complainant is required to prove that it has a common law trademark. Each of these issues is considered below. What distinguishes the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UNDRP) from the au. Policy, it is not necessary for the complainant to have a registered trademark. All that the complainant is required to prove under the au. A policy is that he or she have acquired a common law trademark through ‘sufficient evidence of use or reputation in the trademark to justify reliance on a common law trademark’.  

Operatint a Successful Restaurant Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Operatint a Successful Restaurant - Assignment Example These limits include procedures of delivery, storage and cooking (Alonzo, 2007). Thirdly, critical limits for the critical control points should be determined for every menu item. These limits must be adhered to so as to minimize any possibility of food poisoning. For instance, poultry storage and preparation should meet the appropriate temperature controls. Poultry should be cooked at temperatures above seventy-five degrees Celsius. On the other hand, beef should be cooked at temperatures above one hundred and sixty degree farenheight. Duration of cooking should also be definite so as to ensure appropriate cooking (Dismore, H., & Entrepreneur Press, 2006). Fourthly, the critical control points should regularly be monitored. The restaurant manager should monitor every food handler. They should ensure that appropriate procedures are followed. Fifth, corrective measures for a breach of any steps above shall be recommended. To cater for this, staff members should undergo refresher training on food safety, menu development and ensuring quality service. Corrective action may be necessitated due to various reasons. These reasons include unattractive food, complaints from customer, storage of out of date foods, and sighting of pests and unclean utensils (Alonzo, 2007). Sixth, system verification strategies should be implemented and verified. In adherence to Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCPP) standards, the restaurant should ensure that the plan is developed. Availability of thermometers to ensure appropriate temperatures of food items should be ensured. Finally, appropriate record keeping procedures for the staff members would be necessitated. Daily corrective actions applied should be recorded in flow charts accurately. The HACCP demands that every restaurant keep checklists and time and temperature logs. Record keeping shall be considered for every stage in food handling and preparation (Alonzo, 2007). Guidelines

MGT506 - Strategic Leadership, Mod 4 Case Assignment Essay

MGT506 - Strategic Leadership, Mod 4 Case Assignment - Essay Example Negative and positive reinforcement both are administered by type X managers and those with a transactional leadership style. Transformational leadership, on the other hand, is an extended form of the traditional transactional leadership approach. Transformational leadership is not only based on the conformity of the followers and/or subordinates but it also looks forward to shift the beliefs, the values and the needs of the followers. The attempt of transformational leaders is to become successful in raising colleagues, followers, subordinates and clients towards a much greater awareness of the consequences of the issues. This spreading of awareness requires a leader who is equipped with a vision, internal locus of control, confidence and the courage to put forward what he sees is right (Kuhnert and Lewis, 1987). TRANSACTIONAL LEADER – CHARLES DE GAULLE The main essence of transactional leadership dates back to the World War 1, where leaders gained relative importance and lea d the forces of war. French army in the event of the First World War and was amongst the few army generals who led successful armored counter attacks during the battle of France in 1940. What makes Charles De Gaulle a transactional leader? The famous French statesman Charles de Gaulle was a prominent example of the transactional leadership style. ... He also motivated his subordinates through keeping forward the rewards and punishment process. He was an Army man and so laid out a clear requirement plan in front of his subordinates and the corresponding rewards and it was very evident that in the event of a failure to satisfy those requirements, they will be eligible to receive the corresponding punishment. Was his leadership style appropriate? All these traits qualify Charles De Gaulle as a transactional leader. The approach he had was very suitable for the environment of that era. Politically as well, he had the right vision for that time. He has been very famous for his work in History and many politicians and leaders of today admire him (Qazi, 2010). TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADER – MARTIN LUTHER KING Jr. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was born into a Baptist minister’s family in 1929, Atlanta, Georgia. He was himself a Baptist minister and was awarded with national prominence as the leader of Civil rights movement in Unite d States and through the Southern Christian leadership conference. He was also one of the bearers of Nobel Prize for peace award in 19 64, his efforts and leadership abilities were the keys to success for his movement which was the ending of the legal segregation of the African Americans in the southern states of the United States. He was never in favor of violence and always wanted to bring about a social change in the status quo of people (McGuire & Hutchings, 2007). What makes Martin Luther King Jr. a transformational leader? He was a visionary. He had a broader vision to bring about a change and had the skills to convert the abstract ideas into an understandable objective and goal making it easier for his followers to understand. He was an